中文摘要：

依据1948年1月～2005年12月NCEP的海表温度（SST）和大气再分析的月平均资料,利用MCA方法,首次确定了代表全球热带海洋-大气相互作用的最主要信号的热带海洋-大气耦合主模态,该主模态随时间的变化与热带太平洋埃尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）模态非常一致,揭示了该主模态包含以下海洋-大气相互作用物理过程：秋季印度尼西亚海洋-大陆区上空850 hPa出现异常的纬向风辐散和经向风辐合导致赤道东、中太平洋海温正异常,热带印度洋海温则出现东冷-西暖的—＂偶极子＂型异常;冬季热带太平洋出现典型的ENSO盛期对应的海洋-大气耦合型,在南海和热带远西太平洋出现低空反气旋环流异常,热带印度洋出现海盆一致增暖,而热带大西洋海温异常不明显;冬季热带太平洋和热带印度洋的SST异常可以导致春季赤道中太平洋西风异常,南海冬季风减弱,热带西北太平洋出现更明显的低空反气旋环流异常和赤道东风异常,热带西北大西洋出现西南风异常;该模态对夏季大气环流的影响主要表现为热带印度洋海盆一致模态对东亚季风的影响。

英文摘要：

The leading mode of the ocean-atmosphere coupling which presents the dominate signal of the ocean-atmosphere interaction in global tropical oceans is indentified in this paper based on the NCEP reanalyzed monthly SST and atmosphere data from January 1948 to December 2005. The variation of the leading mode is consistent,with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation（ENSO） mode, and corresponding physical process are revealed. In autumn, divergence of zonal winds and convergence of meridional winds at 850 hPa above Indonesia induce positive SST anomalies in the middle and east Tropical Pacific and a dipole mode with warm in the west and cold in the east in Tropical Indian Ocean. In winter, Tropical Pacific show a typical coupled ocean-atmosphere mode associated with ENSO; a anticyclone situates in the low level of west Pacific and South China Sea; Tropical Indian ocean presents a basin mode, but the SST anomaly in Atlantic is inconspicuous; The SST anomalies in winter in Tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean can.lead to westerly anomalies in middle equatorial Pa- cific in following spring and reduce winter wind in South China Sea, besides, robust low level anticyclone and equatorial easterly anomalies appears in northwest Pacific, and southwest anomalies appears in northwest Atlantic. The influences to the following summer atmosphere circulation in the Leading mode. mainly include the impact of Tropical Indian Ocean basin mode on the East Asia monsoon.