目的 了解云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州(德宏州)缅甸籍HIV感染者相关人口统计学与高危行为特征。方法 以德宏州2015年新报告的缅甸籍感染者为研究对象,开展横断面调查,收集其入境德宏地区的目的、住宿地点、停留时间等社会人口统计学信息以及艾滋病高危行为发生情况。结果 共调查489例缅甸籍感染者,其中男性367例(75.1%);初中以下文化程度者407例(83.2%);371例(75.9%)来自与德宏州相邻的克钦邦和掸邦; 339例(69.3%)为务工/经商进入德宏州。23.3%(113/485)的感染者存在无保护性行为,多因素logistic回归分析显示,感染者发生无保护性行为的危险因素包括有配偶/固定性伴(OR=12.98,95%CI:6.53~25.83,P〈0.001),居住在打工场所(OR=2.88,95%CI:1.09~7.61,P=0.033)、出租屋(OR=5.36,95%CI:1.94~14.84,P=0.001)和自己家(OR=5.14,95%CI:1.36~19.35,P=0.016)。32.0%(156/487)的感染者有吸毒行为,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,感染者发生吸毒行为的危险因素包括男性(OR=15.61,95%CI:6.47~37.69,P〈0.001),文盲(OR=2.89,95%CI:1.44~5.84,P=0.003),来自克钦邦(OR=3.01,95%CI:1.50~6.04,P=0.002)、掸邦(OR=5.30,95%CI:2.66~10.58,P〈0.001),经便道/其他方式入境(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.18~3.14,P=0.009),居住在亲友家(OR=5.78,95%CI:2.01~16.61,P=0.001)、打工场所(OR=6.67,95%CI:3.06~14.53,P〈0.001)、出租屋(OR=11.84,95%CI:4.76~29.47,P〈0.001)、自己家(OR=6.77,95%CI:1.84~24.85,P=0.004)。结论 德宏州内缅甸籍HIV感染者流动性大,感染状态知晓比例低而艾滋病相关高危行为发生率较高,给德宏州艾滋病防治工作带来巨大挑战,相关机构需积极探索有效的随访管理办法。
Objective To study the AIDS-related socio-demographic characteristics and high risk behaviors of Burmese HIV-infected individuals, in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province. Methods A cross-sectional study with questionnaire interview, was conducted. Results Features of the 489 HIV-infected individuals appearfed as:367(75.1%) males, 407(83.2%) illiterate or with primary education, 371(75.9%) from Kachin State or Shan State, 306(62.6%) visited Dehong twice or more per year, 238(48.7%) entered Dehong illegally, 339(69.3%) came to the city looking for jobs or working on cargo transportation, 309(63.2%) of them living in working place/rented house/own house, and 313(64.0%) with the length of stay shorter than six months. Only 36(7.4%) of the interviewees were aware of their HIV sero-positive status, with 23.3% of them (113/485) reported having had unprotected sex experiences in Dehong. Results from the multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that HIV-infected individuals with the following characteristics:having spouses/regular sexual partners (OR=12.98, 95%CI:6.53-25.83, P〈0.001), living in working place (OR=2.88, 95%CI:1.09-7.61, P=0.033), living in rented houses (OR=5.36, 95%CI:1.94-14.84, P=0.001). Those living in their own houses (OR=5.14, 95%CI:1.36-19.35, P=0.016) were more likely to engage in unprotected sex. 32.0% (156/487) of the interviewees clained that they ever used drugs in Dehong, with 9.7% (47/487) of them sharing syringe. Data also showed that HIV-infected individuals who had the following feartures as:being male (OR=15.61, 95%CI:6.47-37.69, P〈0.001), illiterate (OR=2.89, 95%CI:1.44-5.84, P=0.003), coming from Kachin State (OR=3.01, 95%CI:1.50-6.04, P=0.002) or Shan State (OR=5.30, 95%CI:2.66-10.58, P〈0.001), illegal visiters (OR=1.93, 95%CI:1.18-3.14, P=0.009), living with friends/relatives (OR=5.78, 95%CI:2.01-16.61, P=0.001), living in working place (OR=6.67, 95%CI?