中文摘要：

目的肝细胞癌（HCC）是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,本文探讨X线相衬CT（PCCT）在HCC微观结构成像中的应用价值,有助于进一步了解该疾病的发展机制。资料与方法采集HCC组织8例,按病理表现分为中分化组（4例）和低分化组（4例）。在上海同步辐射装置的BL13W1线站进行相衬成像。重建HCC组织中的微观结构,与病理切片对比分析,并应用三维纹理分析方法评估两组中肝细胞排列结构的变化。结果相衬CT成像清晰地显示了HCC组织中的纤维胶原、肿瘤边缘微血管、窦样毛细血管等特征结构的二维和三维特征,与病理切片表现一致。三维纹理分析结果显示低分化组肝细胞的排列结构较中分化组发生了显著变化（P〈0.05）。结论相衬CT成像可清晰地显示HCC微观结构的二维和三维图像特征,并为其结构的定量分析提供了参考,在HCC的研究中具有潜在的应用和推广价值。

英文摘要：

Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of the most common malignant tumors. This study aimed to explore the application value of X-ray phasecontrast computed tomography（PCCT） in microstructure imaging of HCC tissues, which might allow for an improved understanding of the development of HCC. Materials and Methods Eight human resected HCC tissues（moderately-differentiated, four cases; poorly-differentiated, four cases） were imaged at beamline BL13W1 at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility（SSRF）. The microstructures in HCC were revealed via PCCT and the reconstructed CT images were confirmed by pathological sections. Threedimensional（3D） texture analysis was applied to assess distortion of hepatic cell arrangement in different differentiated HCC. Results The microstructures such as fibrosis tissues, microvasculature, capillarized sinusoids were clearly revealed in two-dimensional（2D） and 3D images by PCCT. Moreover, the results of the 3D texture analysis showed that the hepatic cell arrangement had a significant change（P0.05） between the moderatelydifferentiated and poorly-differentiated HCC. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that PCCT has the potential to be used for microstructure imaging of HCC tissues and quantitative evaluation of those fine structures in the development of HCC. Thus, PCCT has good value of application and popularity in the study of HCC.