中文摘要：

小鼠因易于进行遗传学操作,成为近视机制研究中最为常用的哺乳类模式动物之一。然而,绝大多数品系的实验用小鼠不具备褪黑素合成能力,而这一神经激素在人类近视形成过程中可能起重要的作用。本工作研究了一种体内能合成褪黑素的小鼠品系——CBA/Ca J品系的屈光发育特征,并阐明了形觉剥夺是否影响屈光发育及其机制。使用红外偏心验光仪的连续观察显示,CBA/Ca J小鼠眼球屈光力可被稳定测量,且呈现明显的发育学变化：屈光力数值随日龄逐渐增大,直至出生后9周左右才渐趋稳定。其屈光力绝对值高于目前常用的C57BL/6小鼠同龄时的数值,但屈光力开始稳定的时间点则较为接近。给3周龄CBA/Ca J小鼠佩戴半透明眼罩,施加形觉剥夺5周后,剥夺眼屈光力相对对侧眼出现显著的近视性偏移,表明该品系小鼠可用于形觉剥夺性近视建模。

英文摘要：

Due to the advantages in genetic manipulation, mice have become one of the most commonly used mammalian models for the study of mechanisms underlying myopia development. However, the vast majority of laboratory mouse strains are incapable of synthesizing melatonin, a neurohormone that may play an important role in myopia generation in humans. The present study investigated refractive development profiles in the CBA/CaJ mouse, a strain proficient in melatonin, and determined whether and how its refractive development could be affected by form-deprivation. Eccentric infrared photoretinoscopy revealed that this animal could be stably refracted, and the refractive error underwent developmental changes, which increased with age in the hyperopic direction and eventually got stable approximately 9 weeks after birth. The absolute values of refractive error in CBA/CaJ mice were larger than those of age-matched C57BL/6 mice, whereas the time points when refractive error reached steady state were similar between the two strains. Five weeks of form-deprivation applied to 3-week-old CBA/Ca J mice by translucent occluder wear caused a significant myopic shift in refractive error, indicating that this strain could be adequately used as a myopia model.