中文摘要：

随着盾构隧道的水压升高,加强接缝处的防水是隧道建设的关键。针对隧道管片接缝处密封垫的受力和变形特征进行分析,建立了密封垫防水的力学模型并对密封垫在侧面水压作用下的表面接触压应力进行了理论推导。根据表面接触压应力的组成,对挤压密封阻力和自密封阻力进行了量化,分析得出密封垫的防水性能除受到密封垫自身的接触面积、弹性模量和厚度的影响外,还受到螺栓的有效横截面积、弹性模量和有效夹紧长度等因素的影响。结合工程实例,以一种常用盾构隧道管片的密封垫为研究对象,进行了耐水压力试验和装配力试验。通过对试验现象的解读和数据分析,为下一步隧道管片接缝密封垫的设计和生产以及盾构施工提供参考。

英文摘要：

As the water pressure of shield tunnel increases, the key to tunnel construction is to strengthen the water resistance of joints. By analyzing the characteristics of stress and deformation of the gaskets in the joints of tunnel segments, a mechanical model is established, and a formula for the surface contact pressure of the gaskets under lateral water pressure is deduced theoretically. According to the constitution of surface contact pressure, the bearing seal resistance and self seal resistance are quantified. It is concluded that the contact area, elastic modulus and thickness of the gaskets, effective sectional area, elastic modulus, effective tightening length of bolts and other factors have influences on the water resistance. Based on an engineering example, the water pressure resistance tests and assembly tests are carried out on the gaskets of shield tunnel segments. Through the interpretation of experimental phenomena and the data analysis, it may provide a reference for the following design and production of the gaskets in the joints of tunnel segments as well as the construction of shield tunnel.