中文摘要：

应用相干光断层扫描（ OCT）观察孔源性视网膜脱离术前出现的黄斑结构改变及黄斑区视网膜水肿的发生情况。方法对42例（42只眼）视网膜脱离患眼在术前进行OCT检查，观察视网膜脱离后出现的黄斑结构改变及黄斑区视网膜水肿的发生情况。根据术前视网膜脱离发生的时间分为A组（＜3个月）和B组（＞个3个月）。结果（1）OCT 检查黄斑部形态：黄斑未出现脱离有13只眼，黄斑部分或全部脱离有29只眼，其中黄斑囊样变6只眼，视网膜水肿14只眼，视网膜劈裂2只眼，黄斑前膜2只眼。（2）黄斑区视网膜厚度的改变：未出现黄斑脱离和已出现黄斑脱离的视网膜厚度为比较，结果两者之间具有统计学差异（ P ＜0．05）；A、B两组的黄斑区视网膜厚度比较，两者之间无有统计学差异（ P ＞0．05）。（3）视网膜水肿的发生率：A、B两组的视网膜水肿发生率比较，两组差异具有统计学意义（ P ＜0．05）。结论 OCT检查对孔源性视网膜脱离黄斑区视网膜组织结构研究有意义。

英文摘要：

To observe macular changes before the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgeries with optical coherence tomography （OCT）.Methods Forty-two cases （42 eyes） of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were retrospectively reviewed , and divided into 2 groups according to the duration of the detachment：group A （〈3 months , 27 eyes） and group B （〉3 months, 15 eyes）.Optical coherence tomography was used to observe the abnormality of macular before the surgery .Retina thickness was measured and the incidence of the retinal edema was recorded .Results （ 1 ） Twenty-nine eyes were found to have retinal detachment in macular regions , six eyes with cystoid edema ,fourteen with neu-roepithelial edema , two with retinoschisis and two with epiretinal membrane .（2） The retinal thickness between eyes with and without macular detachment was statistically difference （ P 〈0.05）.The retinal thickness between group A and B was not different （ P 〉0.05）.（3） The incidence of retinal edema between the two groups was statistically different .Conclu-sion The OCT plays a significant role in the evaluation of the macular changes for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal de -tachment.