摩擦学问题是非线性复杂系统问题,需要用非线性科学方法来研究。为了了解摩擦学研究的非线性科学理论方法,更好地开展对摩擦学复杂问题的定量研究,介绍分形几何、混沌理论和小波原理等现代非线性科学理论在表面表征、表面接触、磨粒识别、磨损预测、摩擦信号分析和磨损过程动力学诠释等研究中的应用和所取得的成果。已有研究成果表明,分形、混沌和小波等非线性理论是解决摩擦学复杂问题的有力工具,是揭示摩擦磨损规律、推进摩擦学问题量化研究的有效方法。
In terms of the non-linear dynamic characteristics of a tribological system, the research method of nonlinear theory should be used. In order to fully realize the nonlinear science theory of tribological research and make a quantitative study of complex tribological problems, the latest development of applications of the fractal geometry, chaos theory and wavelet theory in surface characterization, surface contact, wear particles identification, wear prediction, friction signal analysis and the dynamic description of wear process is introduced, and the application results are summarized. It is found that the fractal, chaos and wavelet theories are powerful tools for solving complicated tribological problems as well as effective methods of revealing the law of friction and wear and promoting the quantitative research of tribological problems.