中文摘要：

分别将创新设计的两层“格子”型超材料单元加载于同轴馈电微带天线的正上方，利用其零折射率效应聚拢电磁波；将霄型超材料单元加载于天线基板，利用超材料的禁带效应抑制天线后向波。分别对两种优化方法进行实验对比分析，最后综合两种方法设计出一款高方向性、高增益的微带天线。结合仿真实验与实物测试结果验证了理论的正确性。综合设计的新型微带天线与传统天线相比，增益为8．94dB，增加了3．03dB，提高了51．27％，方向性系数为10．69dB，增加了3．51dB，提高了48．89％，达到了设计实验的目标。

英文摘要：

The metamaterials unit of two-layer ＂lattice＂ type is loaded right above the coaxial feed microstrip antenna, and the effect of its zero refractive index is used to gather the electromagnetic wave. The π-type metamaterials unit is loaded to the an- tenna substrate, and the forbidden band effect of the metamaterials is used to suppress the backward wave of the antenna. The two optimization methods are compared and analyzed respectively with experiments, and a high-directivity and high-gain mi- crostrip antenna was designed by synthesizing the two methods. In combination with the results of simulation experiment and actual test, the correctness of the theory is verified. Compared with the traditional antenna, the gain of the designed microstrip antenna is 8.94 dB, which is increased by 3.03 dB, and improved with 51.27%; the directivity factor is 10.69 dB, which is increased by 3.51 dB, and improved with 48.89%. The performance of the microstrip antenna can achieve the target of design experiment.