中文摘要：

建立科学的田间水稻纹枯病抗性鉴定体系，是开展水稻抗纹枯病遗传研究的关键环节之一,描述了田间水稻纹枯病发生、发展的特点，强调只有在充分认识并依据这些特点所建立的抗性鉴定体系才具科学性。分析认为Rush的总体抗性鉴定体系最为合理。为适应抗性QTL精细定位的精度要求，在Rush的总体思想体系基础上，提出并试行了以“最高病斑达到的叶鞘位”为基础的新的病情评定标准，以进一步完善水稻纹枯病抗性鉴定体系。

英文摘要：

It is critically important to develop a scientific and reliable inoculation method of the causal fungus, Rhizoctonia solani, as well as to develop a comparably and less subjectively rating system for determining sheath blight severity in researching rice sheath blight resistance in filed. In the present paper, we described the developing characters of sheath blight in rice, and emphasized that these characters should well be taken into account in developing scientific inoculation method and rating system. Comparatively, the idea proposed by Rush for evaluating the susceptible levels to rice sheath blight was more scientific and practical than those of others. Upon this idea, a new rating system for determining sheath blight severity were recommended. Using this new rating system, the disease score was rated mainly depended on the relative height and order of leaf sheath destroyed by sheath blight on the tiller.