中文摘要：

空间环境的复杂性和特殊性对航天器的使用寿命和性能造成严重威胁。提高航天器表面材料抵抗空间环境作用的能力一直是空间技术开发工作的重点关注问题。目前，表面薄膜技术已被广泛应用在航天器热控涂层、光学器件等方面的空间防护。针对航天器在空间原子氧环境、空间等离子体环境、空间污染环境中的空间环境效应问题，详细介绍了相应空间环境防护薄膜的研究现状及主要制备方法。．在地面空间模拟实验和飞行试验成果的基础上，对这些防护薄膜的空间环境适应性进行了分析，总结了空间环境防护薄膜应具备的综合性能，提出复杂型薄膜的开发和空间环境防护薄膜标准评价体系的建立是今后研究的重点。

英文摘要：

The complicated and particular space environment poses the serious threaten to the service life and performance of spacecraft. Enhancing the resistance to space environment for spacecraft surface material has always been a key question of spatial technology development. At present, the surface thin film technology has been widely applied in the protections of spacecraft thermal coating, optical device and so on. This article in view of the effect on spacecraft surface materials in the atomic oxygen environment, .the plasma environment, and the Space pollution environment, discussed the development of the relative protective thin films and the main preparation method briefly. On the basis of the date from the ground space simulation experiments and flight tests, analyzed the space environment compatibility of these protective thin films, and summarized the overall performance which the space environment protective thin films should process, and proposed the content of future development in space thin films will be the complicated films and the system of criteria for protective thin films of spacecraft.