中文摘要：

通过测定青土湖不同土层、不同水面距离的土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷含量及电导率，对比了不同土层和水面距离的土壤养分差异，分析了其空间变异性以及相关关系。结果表明：①0～60cm土层土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、全钾含量和土壤溶液电导率值分别在距水面100～150m和300m处达到最大，在距水面200m处为最小，呈波浪式变化，这种波浪式变化与其原湖泊沉积和区域气候环境相符合。②土壤养分含量存在显著空间变异性，各养分指标含量随土层深度变化规律明显，不同水面距离0～40cm土层土壤有机质、全氮等含量均比40～80cm土层高，土壤各养分除全钾含量在0～80cm土层、全磷含量在60～80cm土层为弱变异外，其他均属于中等变异。③在0～40cm土层，土壤有机质与全氮、全钾、碱解氮、电导率呈正相关；电导率与速效磷、全磷呈正相关。青土湖的土壤各养分含量均较低，水面形成的干扰改变了原土壤的理化性质，其对土壤养分垂直分布的影响范围在0～40cm。

英文摘要：

Soil samples were collected from several sites with different distances away from water surface in Qingtu Lake, and then soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phospherus and conductivity were measured to investigate the spatial variability of soil nutrients and the correlation among them. Results showed that： 1） soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and electrical conductivity of the soil solution at 0-60 cm depth of soil profiles increased with the distance from water surface and reached their maximum values at sites of 100-150 m away from water surface and then decreased with the distance and reached their minimum values at site of 200 m away from water surface. These parameters then increased with further increase in distance away from water surface and reached their maximum values at site of 300 m away from water surface again. The waving changes of soil nutrients were consistent with original lake sediments and regional climate environment; 2） the variability of soil nutrient contents was significant, and each nutrient varied with soil depth. Soil organic matter and total nitrogen at the depth of 0-40 cm were higher than these at the depth of 40-80 cm. Soil total potassium content in 0-80 cm and total soil phosphorus in 60-80 cm were weak variation, other soil nutrients belonged to moderate variability; 3） at 0-40 cm soil depth, organic matter was positively correlated with total nitrogen, total potassium, available nitrogen, and the conductivity. The conductivity was positively correlated with available phosphorus, and total phosphorus. The contents of soil nutrients around Qingtu Lake were low. Interference of water formation changed the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and the effect of water formation on the vertical distribution of soil nutrients reached the depth of 40 cm.