中文摘要：

新型常温常压离子化技术是近几年质谱学领域的一个研究热点。实时直接分析（direct analysis in real time，DART）作为该技术的一种，自2005年首次报道以来，已被应用于不同样品的分析。本文介绍了DART技术的发展过程、离子化机理以及影响DART离子化效率的参数，综述了其在活体果蝇费洛蒙检测、假药识别、墨水成分分析等方面的应用，并在结论部分对其应用前景进行了展望。

英文摘要：

The development of ionization approach has been focused on the ambient ionization methods in the past decade. DART was first reported by Cody and coworkers in 2005 and has been widely applied in the analysis of various samples including solids, liquids or gases. Helium or nitrogen is chosen as the working gas of DART. The working gas is activated by discharge needle and subsequently heated in the heating cell for the further sample ionization. The DART technology needs minimal or no sample pretreatmentand direct analysis can be carried out by holding sample in the localization between the outlet of DART and the entrance of mass spectrometer. This review presents the development, the ionization mechanism, and the major operation parameters of DART. And the applications in direct analysis of pheromones from live drosophila, screening of counterfeit drugs, identification of ingredient of inksand other samples are summarized. In the end, the technological limitations and development trends of DART are also discussed.