中文摘要：

恶性肿瘤的典型特点是增殖速度快、侵袭性强，肿瘤血供往往不能满足生长所需，由此使得肿瘤处于低氧、营养物质缺乏的应激微环境中。肿瘤细胞在应激微环境下通过激活未折叠蛋白反应、启动自噬和改变其代谢途径等一系列信号通路促进其存活发展。未折叠蛋白反应（unfolded protein response，UPR）、自噬的启动及代谢方式的改变三者之间有着紧密的联系，本文将对三者之间的相互作用关系进行综述，将对理解肿瘤与其微环境之间的互动以及探索新的治疗策略提供新视角。

英文摘要：

Malignant tumor is typically characterized by fast proliferation and invasiveness. As such, tumor blood supply often fails to satisfy tumor growth requirements, resulting in a stressful cancer microenvironment with low oxygen level and insufficient nutrients. Cancer cells survive in such stressful environments by activating various signals （such as unfolded protein response）, changing metabolic pathways, and undergoing autophagy. Hence, the cross-talk among these mechanisms should be determined to provide new insights into the interdynamics of cancer cells and their microenvironment. Furthermore, results would provide relevant information for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.