中文摘要：

目的探讨饲料加硼对过量氟摄入的大鼠骨损伤的预防作用。方法24只4—5周龄Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠分为：对照组（喂饲基础饲料，饮蒸馏水）、过量氟组[喂饲基础饲料，饮含100mg／LF（氟化钠221mg／L的蒸馏水）]、硼预防组（喂饲加硼饲料，饮含100mg／L F-的蒸馏水）。实验3月后测量大鼠血清氟、硼含量及血清碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase，AKP）活性、骨氟和骨总RNA含量、胫骨纵径横径和干重及骨密度（bone mineral density，BMD），并检测大鼠股骨生物力学特性。结果和对照组比较，过量氟组大鼠血清氟、骨氟含量和血清AKP活性显著增高；骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD和胫骨BMD降低；胫骨纵径、横径和干重减小；股骨最大负荷减低，最大形变增加。相比过量氟组，硼预防组大鼠血清氟和骨氟含量及AKP活性明显下降；骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD、腰椎和胫骨BMD显著增高；胫骨纵径、横径和干重，股骨最大负荷明显增加。3组大鼠血清硼含量无显著性差异。结论大鼠摄入过量氟可出现明显的骨损伤，饲料加硼对此有一定的预防作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the preventive effect of the supplemental dietary boron on bone damage of rats with excess fluoride （EF） ingestion. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats aged 4--5 weeks old were divided into the control （C group, treated with distilled water and the elementary dietary）, the excessive fluoride dose group （EF group, treated with distilled water with 100 mg/L F- from 221.0 g NaF per liter and the elementary dietary） and the boron prevention group （P group, treated with 100 mg/L F- distilled water and the supplemental boron dietary）. Three months after the experiment, fluorine, boron contents and AKP activities in serum, total RNA and fluorine contents in bone, vertical and transverse diameter and dry weight of tibias of rats were assayed, and bone biomechanics of femur and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined. Results Compared with those in the C group, fluorine contents in serum and bone, AKP activities in serum of rats in the EF group significantly increased; total RNA in bone and BMD of the bone of whole body and tibia decreased, vertical and transverse diameter of tibias was shortened, dry weight was decreased; peak load of femur increased but maximum deformation decreased. Compared with those in EF group, fluorine contents in serum and bone, AKP activities in serum of rats in the P group obviously decreased; total RNA in bone and BMD of whole body, lumbar vertebrae and tibias notably increased, vertical and transverse diameters and dry weight of tibia were enhanced, peak load of femur was obviously raised. Boron contents in serums of rats in three groups had no significant differences. Conclusion Bone damage obviously occurred in rats with EF intake, and the supplemental dietary boron had a preventive effect on these changes.