阐述了大地水准面在大地测量学及相关地球科学中的科学意义、作用及其应用,提出了利用GPS技术结合高精度似大地水准面代替我国高程测定的思路,分析了目前地球重力场长波、中波和短波在计算cm级大地水准面中具备的条件,论述了确定1cm精度城市和5cm省级似大地水准面的若干关键技术问题及其必要性和可行性,提出了我国cm级大地水准面确定中需解决的主要理论问题和若干关键技术,评述了我国局部大地水准面的主要进展和取得的成果。
The scientific significance, function and application of geoid in geodesy and related geoscience are elaborated. The conception of combining GPS with high precision geoid to replace leveling in China is brought forward. The prerequisites of long wave, medium wave and short wave of Earth's gravity field to compute geoid with cm-level accuracy are analyzed. Some crucial techniques, necessity and feasibility of determining city geoid with 1 cm and provincial geiod with 5 cm are discussed. The main theoretical problems and mainly crucial techniques to be solved in cm-level geoid determination in China are presented as well. And the main progress and achievement of regional geoid determination in China are reviewed.