中文摘要：

用示差扫描量热（DSC）、偏光显微镜（POM）及X射线衍射（XRD）分析考察了具有纳米结构的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）/1-乙烯基-3-丁基咪唑氯盐离子液体（[VBIM][Cl]）复合材料（PVDF/[VBIM][Cl]）中经[VBIM][Cl]接枝的PVDF（PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl]）纳米微区对PVDF结晶行为的影响.研究结果表明,[VBIM][Cl]化学接枝在PVDF的分子链上,在PVDF/[VBIM][Cl]复合材料中,PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl]嵌段形成大量纳米微区,分散在PVDF基体中.PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl]纳米微区能够显著提高PVDF熔体结晶温度（Tc）并显著降低PVDF晶体的等温结晶时间.与纯PVDF相比,在纳米结构的PVDF/[VBIM][Cl]复合材料中,PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl]纳米微区大大提高了PVDF晶体的成核速率,PVDF的球晶尺寸明显减小.由于[VBIM][Cl]完全＂受限＂于PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl]纳米微区中,无法与PVDF分子链发生相互作用,因此纳米结构的PVDF/[VBIM][Cl]复合材料最终以非极性的α晶体为主.由于PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl]纳米微区与PVDF基体具有热力学不相容性,因此其界面处的PVDF分子链处于部分有序的状态,有助于PVDF晶体的成核,加速了PVDF晶体的结晶速率.

英文摘要：

The effect of poly（ vinylidene fluoride）-graft-（ 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride [VBIM][Cl]）（ i. e. PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl ]） nanodomains on the crystallization behavior in nanostructured PVDF/[VBIM][Cl]composite was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimeter（ DSC）,polarized optical microscope（ POM） and wide-angle X-ray diffractometer（ WAXD） measurements.1H nuclear magnetic resonance（1H NMR） results confirm the successful grafting of [VBIM][Cl] onto the PVDF chains.Transmission electron microscopy（ TEM） images show PVDF-g-[VBIM][Cl] nanodomains in the nanostructured PVDF /[VBIM][Cl ]（ 100 /8,mass ratio） composite,which is distinct from the miscible PVDF /[VBIM][Cl]blend prepared by physically blending. The DSC results show higher crystallization temperature（ Tc） and shorter crystallization time in the nanostructured PVDF/[VBIM][Cl] composite,compared with those of neat PVDF and PVDF /[VBIM][Cl] blend（ 100 /8）,respectively,indicating that nanodomains enhanced the crystallization rate of the PVDF crystals. Moreover,a larger nucleation density accompanied with smaller spherulites was observed in the nanostructured sample by POM photos. It is considered that strong thermodynamic incompatibility of nanodomains with PVDF matrix caused a large amount of partially ordered molecular chains at their interface,which favorites the nucleus formation and thus improves the entire crystallization rate of the PVDF crystals. Because of the confinement of [VBIM][Cl] within nanodomains,dominant non-polar α crystals were found in the nanostructured sample,which was the same with that of neat PVDF.