中文摘要：

介绍了核聚变装置HL-2A托克马克中各种微波技术在等离子体诊断中的应用。说明了各种诊断的基本原理、电路安排以及在放电中的测量结果。电子回旋辐射（ECE）主要用来测量主等离子体电子温度及其扰动分布。测量的时间分辨率可以达到4ms（扫频）或者1μs（单频），空间分辨率为3cm。电子温度的测量范围为10eV～10key。微波反射用于等离子体密度分布、等离子体旋转及等离子体密度扰动等方面的测量及研究，在测量密度分布时的时间分辨为1ms，空间分辨大约1cm左右。微波干涉诊断用来测定偏滤器中等离子体的平均密度变化，时间分辨率为0．1ms。

英文摘要：

In this paper, some of the microwave techniques used in plasma diagnostic systems on nuclear fusion device HL-2A tokamak are introduced. The basic principle, the circuits of every microwave diagnostic system and the measurement results in discharge are systematically presented. The electron temperature and its fluctuations of the main plasma are measured by electron cyclotron emission （ECE）. The temporal and spatial resolution are up to 4 ms （swept frequency） or 1μs （single frequency）and 3cm respectively. The electron temperature range of the system is from lOev to 10kev. With the microwave reflectometry, we can study the density profile, rotation and fluctuation of the plasma. The temporal resolution and the spatial resolution are 1ms and lcm respectively. The average density of plasma in the diverter of the HL-2A tokamak is measured hy microwave interferumeter with 0.1 ms temporal resolution.