中文摘要：

为了研制具有自主产权的基于现有螺杆钻具的随钻近钻头测量装置，结合井下工况，对近钻头井斜测量过程及仪器本身存在的误差进行了分析，阐述了利用声波或电磁波传输近钻头信号的优势，并提出了近钻头井斜精确测量的误差修正思路。分析结果认为，当前的近钻头井斜测量仪器还存在一些未考虑到的问题，如动力钻具的振动影响测斜精度，动力钻具弯角的存在导致近钻头仪器与井眼不同轴产生误差等。利用声波传输近钻头信息及远程传输井下信息是实现测量的静态及传输信号过程静态的有效方法，建议加快该技术的研究进度，争取早日应用于现场。

英文摘要：

To develop the near-bit measurement while drilling （MWD） device with independent intellectual property rights, an analysis of the near-bit deviation measurement process and the error with the instrument itself was conducted on the basis of current screwdrill referring to downhole operating conditions. The advantage of using acoustic wave or electromagnetic wave to transmit near-bit signals was expounded. The correction orientation for the error in precise measurement of near-bit deviation was formulated. The analysis shows that some problems with current near-bit deviation measurement instruments have not yet been considered, such as effects of power drill vibration on deviation measurement preciseness, error of the instruments owing to misalignment to the borehole caused by the existence of power drill bend, and so on. Use of acoustic wave to transmit near-bit information and remote transmission of downhole information are the effective methods to achieve the static state of measurement and signal transmission process. It is suggested that the technological research progress should be quickened and its field application should be achieved as soon as possible.