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中文摘要：
整合现有研究，构建出了“原因（个体、群体、组织）一学习机制一行为改变”的理论模型，且基于史玉柱的二手数据，对领导失败的前因、领导如何从失败中进行学习以及最终在行为上做出什么样的改变进行了研究，并将研究结果与构建的理论模型进行对比，不仅验证了根据现有研究建构的理论模型，而且对其进行了完善。结果表明，领导失败的原因除了个体层面的特质因素和群体层面的因素外，还有组织层面的因素，如制度、文化等以及组织外部的因素，如媒体。在失败后领导可以通过改变自身的行为和组织政策来实现从失败中的学习，最终发生行为上的变化，如从集权到分权。
英文摘要：
First,we construct a theoretical framework （failure reasons-learning-behavioral change） according to the literature review. Second, based on secondary data of Shi Yuzhu, the paper investi- gates the following questions： （1） what are the possible the reasons for leader failure; （2） how do leaders learn from failure, and （3） what are the behavioral adjustments of leaders after failure and learning？ Finally we compare the conclusion with the constructed model and find that our research conclusion not only testifies but also makes improvement to it. The results show that besides factors of individual （personality） level, there are other factors of group and organization level, especially fac- tors of outside of organization that could be responsible for leader failure. In response, leaders either adjust their behaviors or organizational settings or even both to achieve the goal of learning from fail- ure, for instance, from centralized leadership to decentralized leadership.
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