中文摘要：

介绍了作为机载激光雷达关键部件的激光扫描仪模块化设计方法和各模块主要功能。为实现激光扫描仪的小型化、轻量化目标,设计了四面棱镜作为扫描部件,分析了工作距离与光学口径的对应关系并基于探测器参数设计通光口径,采用光纤激光器作为光源有效减小了扫描仪的尺寸和功耗,并设计了准直系统对出射激光进行整形。在16 m距离和293 m距离的定点测距地面测试中,轻小型激光扫描仪精度可达到5 mm和18 mm,最后介绍了搭载轻小型激光扫描仪进行的飞行实验结果。

英文摘要：

Laser scanner, an important component of airborne LiDAR system, consists of several functional modules, and these function and module design methods were completely introduced in details. In order to reduce the weight and size of laser scanner, a novel four-size prism was proposed as the scanning component, the relationship of detecting distance and optical aperture was discussed, furthermore, the optical module was designed based on the parameter of detector. As the light source, a fiber laser had been applied to reduce the cubage, power and weight of the scanner, and then a collimator was designed for beam shaping. The results of the performance tests revealed that the scanner accuracy was 5 mm in 16 m range testing, and in 293 m range testing, the accuracy was 18 mm. The laser scanner was used in flight perform experiments as a part of airborne LiDAR system, the results from different flight altitudes were presented at the end.