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中文摘要：
水库水体温度具有明显的沿深度成层分布的特点,表层水温和底层水温相差很大,有时温差值可达20℃左右。多层孔型取水口是一种典型的水库灌溉取水装置,其目的是控制灌溉用水的温度以利于作物生长。目前,缺乏对多层孔型取水口下泄水温规律的研究。本文依据某水库水温资料,通过试验直接模拟水库水温分布,改变取水口淹没深度及下泄流量,探讨下泄水温与库内水温分布、淹没深度、下泄流量之间的关系。试验结果表明,下泄水温随取水口淹没深度增大而减小,随取水流量增大而增大,下泄水温还与库内水温分布有关。本文研究成果为多层孔型取水口的设计及运行管理提供理论依据。
英文摘要：
Water in large reservoir is often featured with evident temperature stratification over depth with a significant variation by roughly 20℃ from surface to bottom. Multi-level orifice intake is a typical device for taking water from reservoirs for irrigation, and its major function is to control the temperature of released water within a range suitable for crops. The existing studies on the design of such intakes and their temperature regulation are lacking. In this study, physical model tests were conducted by adjusting submergence and flow rate to model thermal stratification of reservoir and explore the relationship among released water temperature, reservoir water temperature, intake submergence and intake flow rate. Results show that released water temperature is lowered as intake submergence increases while raised as intake flow rate increases. In addition, released water temperature also depends on the temperature distribution over reservoir water body. This study would lay a basis for design, operation and management of multi-level orifice intakes.
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