中文摘要：

从公元前525年开始,波斯人在埃及先后统治了两个时期,共计130余年。埃及本土人进行了持续不断的反抗斗争,并在波斯人两次统治之间建立了独立的王朝,但波斯人的统治还是为古埃及社会留下了不可磨灭的痕迹。波斯人的统治在一定程度上瓦解着古埃及传统的文化认同,为希腊马其顿人征服和统治埃及奠定了基础,构成了古埃及文明消亡链条上的起点。

英文摘要：

Beginning from 525 B. C. , Persian governed Egypt for about 130 years which consisted of two separated stages. The native Egyptians continuously fought against Persians, and even created their own in- dependent dynasties between twice Persian rulings. The Persian rules, however, exercised great influences on ancient Egyptian society. To some extent, it disintegrated the traditional cultural identity of ancient Egyptian, and laid the foundation for the conquest and ruling of Hellenistic Macedonian, and even became the starting point of a process which can be used to explain the disappearance of the ancient Egyptian civilization as a whole.