中文摘要：

“分子梳”是DNA被可移动的气-液界的均匀拉直，该技术涉及两个过程：DNA分子末端与基底表面的特异性结合和移动的气-液界面对DNA分子的均匀拉直。该技术在构建纳米材料／结构，研究DNA转录和复制，绘制基因物理图谱等方面得到了应用。预计“分子梳”技术将在以下方面取得进展：以拉直的DNA为模板构建纳米器件和纳米材料；用于基因突变的临床检测；结合原子力显微术（AFM），建立“原子力显微术原位杂交”技术以替代荧光原位杂交。

英文摘要：

Molecular combing was developed by Bensimon in 1994, which can be applied for stretching long DNA molecules uniformly. Two processes are involved in molecular combing, i. e. , the specific binding of DNA extremities to substrate surfaces and the uniform combing of DNA caused by a moving air-liquid interface. This technique has been applied to constructing nano-materials and nano-structures, studying DNA rep molecular combing cation and transcription, and physical mapping of DNA. It can be expected that s promising in the applications of fabrication of nano-devices using combed DNA as template, determination of gene mutation, and establishment of a new method of ＂atomic force microscopic in-situ hybridization＂ to replace the fluorescence in-situ hybridization.