中文摘要：

基于供水管网水力计算理论，建立了以渗漏强度对管线压力的主要影响因素的渗漏状态下管道水力计算模型。应用该模型，可以得到正常与渗漏两种状态下的压力差值的数学表达式与其变化规律，据此可根据压力变化判据渗漏和进行定位。通过模拟计算，介绍了压力变化作为渗漏发生有效判据和初步定位的方法。

英文摘要：

The change of water supply network pressure provides the information of possible leakage and may be utilized to detect, locate and estimate the situation according to the pressure data. A model for analyzing the leakage of pipeline based on calculating the effect of leakage intensity on pipeline pressure distribution is established. By using this model the mathematical expressions and laws of pressure variation for both without leakage and with occurrence of leakage are deduced. On this basis, the location of leakage can be determined according to the pressure variation.