中文摘要：

采用室内盆栽试验方法，研究了外源镍污染土壤的植物修复对土壤微生物群落的影响。试验用水稻土中添加NiSO4·6H2O（100～1600mgkg^-1）经过12周的驯化培养后，种植了2种超累积植物和1种耐性植物，经110d的试验后进行了植物修复后土壤微生物活性的分析。结果表明，非根区土中添加镍的质量分数为100mgkg^-1时,对土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌总数有一定的促进作用，土壤中微生物生物量最大；当添加镍的质量分数大于100mgkg^-1时,将对土壤微生物群落造成不利的影响。在植物修复过程中，通过植物的减毒（吸收重金属）作用和根系分泌物的作用，改善了土壤微生物的生存环境，提高了土壤微生物的数量和生物量。经过植物修复后，根区土壤微生物较非根区土壤的丰富，土壤微生物群落总DNA序列多样性指数相应增加，但不同植物对根区土壤微生物的贡献是不同的。

英文摘要：

Through pot experiment, effects of phytoremediation on microbial communities in soils different in nickel treatment level were studied. Two Ni hyperaccumulators and one Ni tolerant species were planted in paddy soils different in Ni concentration, ranging from Ni 100 to 1 600 mg kg^-1. After 110 days of incubation, soil microbial activities were analyzed. Results show that populations of bacteria, fungus, and actinomycetes and biomass of the microorganisms were stimulated when nickel was added at a rate of Ni 100 mg kg^-1 in non-rhizospheric soil. When the rate was over Ni 100 mg kg^-1 in the soil, adverse effects on the soils microbial communities were observed. Plantation of hyperaccumulators could increase both the population and biomass of soil microorganisms, because by absorbing nickel from the soil and excreting root exudates, the plants reduced nickel toxicity and improved the living environment of the microbial. However, different plant species had different effects on microorganisms in soil. Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA （RAPD） with 5 primers was used in this study in 25 soil samples of 4 types of soils. A total of 947 amplified bands were obtained, including 888 bands of polymorphic and 59 bands of non-polymorphic. The results indicated that the composition of microbial DNA sequences had changed because of nickel addition in treated soils. Shannon-Weaver index of soil microbial DNA sequence reduced in nickel contaminated soils with increasing nickel concentration. The changes in Shannon-Weaver index in the 4 types of soils ranged from 1.65 to 2.32 for A. corsicum, 1.37 to 2.27 for A. murale, 1.37 to 1.96 for B. juncra, and 1.19 to 1.85 for non-rhizospheric soil. With the same amount of nickel added to soils, the Shannon-Weaver index in rhizospheric soil with plant was higher than that in non-rhizospheric soil.