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中文摘要：
饱和黏土中水分的丧失会引起土体基质吸力和表面收缩率的变化,并导致其表面开裂。在室内对黏土干裂过程中土体的失水率、裂缝面积率等开裂特征参数随时间变化的关系进行研究。结果表明：（1）根据表面开裂率、裂缝节点和开裂块数特征随失水率和时间变化,可划分为开裂前、快速开裂、开裂停滞三个阶段,在快速开裂阶段,土体的失水率和表面裂隙发育率呈现为显著的正相关关系;（2）开裂后土体裂缝呈现为多个期次性,1、2期次裂缝之间夹角大都大于90°,第3期次（或更高期次）裂缝大都近似垂直于器壁（或第2期次裂缝）平行发育,且有等间隔发育倾向。第1、2期次裂缝的长度和宽度都远大于第3期次裂缝。
英文摘要：
Changes in matric suction and surface shrinkage with water loss will lead to variation in physical and mechanical properties of clay desiccation cracking. The indoor experiments of water loss ratio and evolution of desiccation cracking characteristics of clay were carried out at room temperature. The research results indicate that（ 1） the cracking nodes,cracking blocks and cracking area ratio with water loss ratio and time can be divided into three stages of pre-cracking,rapid cracking and cracking stagnation. In the rapid cracking stage,there was a positive correlation between the soil water loss ratio and the surface cracking area ratio.（ 2） The cracks of clay appear at multiple levels. The crack angle between first and second level cracks is lager than90°. The third level（ or higher level） cracks is approximately perpendicular to the wall（ or second level crack）,and has an interval development tend. The first and second cracks are more greater than the third in length and width.
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