中文摘要：

海上石油污染已成为海洋污染的核心问题，疏水亲油材料是高效的吸油材料之一。本研究以密胺海绵为基体．通过负压浸溃法，利用不同类型的天然聚多糖进行改性，以获得疏水亲油的吸油材料。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜成像、接触角分析对改性前后的海绵进行表征，研究了不同类型的多聚糖以及不同浸渍量对海绵吸油性能的影响。结果表明，密胺海绵经浓度为1％的中分子量壳聚糖改性后疏水亲油性能最好，其水接触角为151．30°，柴油吸附量为45．49g/g。此类改性方法效果理想，且具备环境友好及操作简便等优点。

英文摘要：

Oil pollution has become the core issue of marine pollution. It is essential to explore materials for oil absorption. In this study, modification melamine sponge was obtained by using different polysaccharides. The morphology and surface chemical composition of as-prepared modification sponge was characterized by FTIR, SEM and Contact Angle. The effects of different modification conditions on the oil removal of sponge were studied. The results indicated that the modified melamine sponge which was treated by 1 wt% chitosan （MW： 300,000） showed the highest hydrophobic-oleophilic ability, whose water contact angle was 151.30° and oil adsorption ability was 45.49 g/g. Overall, this modification method was effective, environmentally friendly and easy to handle.