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中文摘要：
本文从生态、经济和社会综合的角度，对不同区域各主要作物的生产现状进行优势比较，反应出一定区域内某种作物在生产过程中对自然资源的利用效率、对生态环境的影响程度，对经济发展的有效程度，对社会需求的满足程度和对劳动力的吸纳程度等方面的比较优势，弥补了传统作物比较优势理论对资源环境的考虑不足。选取了华东地区江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、江西、山东6个省份作为评价区域，小麦、稻谷、玉米、大豆、棉花、花生、油菜、烤烟8种主要作物作为评价对象，分别进行了同一省份不同作物、同一作物不同省份的比较，得出了各个省份的优势作物，以及各种作物应当优先发展的省份，充分展现出了作物与省份的优势程度，能够为区域作物产业结构调整提供重要依据。
英文摘要：
A rational cropping structure is critical to improving the efficiency of cropping and the incomes of farmers in rural areas. It is suggested that to establish a rational cropping structure need to account for aspects of natural resources, social economy, ecological environment, technology development level, market requirements, and so forth. Adjustment of the cropping structure is, however, a big and difficult problem to deal with. In the present work, the authors were trying to offer a new way to adjust the cropping structure, and to figure out a more rational solution to the problem, with the aim of proposing an external advantage evaluation model of crop production development from a comprehensive point of view of ecology, economics and society. In addition, comparative advantages of current production situation of main crops over different areas were also examined in this study. Results indicated that certain crop during the course of production in a specific region would reflect different comparative advantages in the use efficiency of natural resources, the degree of impacts of the ecological environment, economic development, social demands and absorbing labor forces. This obviates the limitation in not fully considering the factors of resources and the environment in traditional comparative advantage theory. Eight crops, including wheat, rice, corn, soybean, cotton, peanut, rape and tobacco, and six provinces over eastern China, including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi and Shandong were selected to perform the evaluation. Moreover, different kinds of crops in one province and one kind of crop in different provinces were compared in detail, obtaining the advantage crops for each province and the preference provinces for developing each kind of crop. Results showed the advantage degree of crops and provinces sufficiently. The evaluation results would provide a meaningful reference for adjusting the cropping structure in a certain region. The external advantage evaluation model of crop production
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