中文摘要：

过滤是以高收入居民向外迁移为导向的一系列居住迁移和住房周转过程。居民是决定邻里地位的重要因素，是过滤过程的主体。邻里变化是过滤的结果，反映了居民属性的改变。本文运用质性研究方法，基于在北京市海淀区燕东园社区的实地观察和访谈，从过滤的视角分析了我国城市单位社区变化。研究发现，在单位制时期，过滤仅存在于单位内部，并受到单位的控制和影响。在转型期，西方意义上的过滤现象在中国城市中已经出现，过鹰体现了家庭需求与可支付住房之间的匹配过程，但是，因单位而导致的过滤及其社区变化具有复杂性特征，对于区位较好的单位社区，搬入搬出的居民虽然处于不同的家庭生命周期，但往往都具有较高的收入，社区整体上表现出多方向过滤的特征。过滤的多方向性是分析单位社区变化和城市社会空间重构的重要视角。

英文摘要：

This paper focused on the neighborhood change of staff-living community in urban areas of China from the perspective of filtering adopting the approach of qualitative research with the method of observations and interviews. Also, the paper provides a case study of Yan-Dong-Yuan, a staff-living community in Haidian district of the city of Beijing. In the period of Planned Economy, filtering existed only inside staff-living community. Households had no choice but to get houses from where they worked. The allocation of the houses or department follows a series of criteria. Residential movement wass very infrequent and just happens inside the staff-living community. The filtering of housing and households is dominated by enterprises the residents work at. Meanwhile, filtering is also influenced by the policy changes of the administration system, residents＇ performance, and emotional factors. In this transition period, the filtering phenomenon defined in market e- conomy has emerged in Chinese society. Filtering reflects the relationship between housing demand and affordable houses. However, due to the historical reasons, filtering and neighborhood change have complex fea- tures. Residents living in the staff-living communities, who move out either to other staff-living communities built up in the early period of housing reform or to commercial houses, can improve their housing conditions and living environment. But other people who stay in the old community are undergoing passive filtering progress due to the leave of their neighbors. As Yan-Dong-Yuan is located in convenient area and has attractive public services, many households rent houses from the staff who have been allocated the houses. The high-income groups filter down, though other kinds of needs are satisfied. Therefore, the residents both moving out and moving in usually have high income, although at different stages in family life cycle. There is a multi-directional filtering at the community level. This phenomenon is driven by the influence of the adm