中文摘要：

乳腺癌已经成为继肺癌之后威胁人类生命的第二大癌症。热休克蛋白27（heat shock protein27，HSP27）是真核生物细胞内普遍存在的一种小分子热休克蛋白。作为一种ATP非依赖性分子伴侣，当细胞受到各种生理和环境上的刺激出现非致命性的细胞损伤时发挥保护细胞的功能。近年来的研究发现乳腺癌细胞中存在着HSP27的持续高水平表达，且被认为与乳腺癌的发生、发展、预后以及化疗耐药的发生有密切的关系。肿瘤的发生、增殖、侵袭和转移是一个极其复杂的多步骤动态过程，深入研究HSP27在乳腺癌发生、发展中的作用机制，将有望为乳腺癌的防治提供新思路。

英文摘要：

More than 1.3 million women worldwide are diagnosed with breast cancer annually. This disease is the second most common form of cancer, after lung cancer. Heat shock protein-27 （HSP27） is a ubiquitous small heat shock protein expressed in eukary- otic cells. HSP27 is an ATP-independent molecular chaperone that allows the cells to survive in otherwise lethal conditions caused by a wide variety of physiological and environmental factors. Recent studies have shown that a sustained high-level of HSP27 expression ex- ists in breast cancer cells. This expression is considered to be closely related to breast cancer development, prognosis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Breast cancer genesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis are extremely complex and multi-step dynamic processes. In-depth studies on HSP27 in breast cancer genesis and development mechanism will provide new information for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.