中文摘要：

在金沙江干热河谷区采用环刀法测定4种不同利用类型土壤的入渗过程，分析不同利用类型土壤入渗特征及其影响因素。结果表明：不同土地利用类型土壤入渗性能存在较大差异，经营多年的果园和灌木地土壤人渗性能最好，其次为草地，旱地土壤人渗性能最差。果园地表下40-60cm土层稳定人渗速率为0．28mm／min，而旱地地表下40-60cm土层为明显的入渗阻滞层，其40-60cm土层稳定入渗速率为0．08mm／min，不到果园40-60cm土层稳定人渗速率的1／3。利用3种公式对人渗过程进行拟合，效果以通用经验公式为最佳，拟合结果表明，初始人渗速率和稳定人渗速率均按照果园、灌木林地、草地、旱地的顺序递减。相关分析表明，容重、有机质、孔隙状况以及水稳性团聚体是影响干热河谷坡地土壤人渗性能的重要因素。灌木林地和草地开垦为旱地后，土壤有机质含量下降，土壤结构稳定性降低，容重增大，人渗性能也随之降低。

英文摘要：

Soil infiltration characteristic and its influencing factors were studied under four land-cover types in Jinshajiang dry-hot valley region by using infiltration ring. Results indicated that： There were large differ- ences on soil infiltration capacity among the four land-cover types, especially for the grass land and dry land, which infiltration capacities were much more lower than those of orchard and shrub land. Mean value of sta- ble infiltration rates of sub-layers （40--60 cm） in orchard profiles was 0.28 mm/min, which was much high- er than that of dry land （0.08 mm/min）. Obstacle layers associated with low infiltration rates existed in sub- layers of dry land profiles. The fitting effect of universal experience equation was the best among the three e- quations used in the paper. And the fitting result also showed that the ranking sequences of the initial infil- tration rate and the stable infiltration rate were the same as orchard land~shrub land〉grass land~dry land. Correlation analysis showed that, the bulk density, the organic matter, the porosity, and water-stable aggre- gates were all found to have a significantly positive relationship with all of the three infiltration indexes. When shrub land and grass land were opened up for dry land, the soil bulk density increased, soil structural stability reduced, the organic matter content and soil infiltration capacity decreased.