中文摘要：

溶井是西南岩溶区主要的分散式供水方式。本文在对典型地区溶井水污染特征分析基础上，通过对现有分散供水水处理工艺原理的分析，提出了溶井供水的水污染防治措施，并结合中试试验，对溶井快渗池的设计思路、设计参数、水处理工艺以及施工中的注意事项进行了详细说明。试验表明，溶井在采取水处理措施后，出水浊度均低于5度，微量有机物去除率大于35％，氨氮可削减60％以上，细菌总数最大可截留95％；溶井快渗池工艺在溶井水处理过程中不需要添加任何药剂，避免了混凝剂和消毒剂对水质产生的副作用和卫生问题，出水水质主要指标基本达到生活饮用水卫生标准。

英文摘要：

In the regions of Southwest China, natural karstic wells are the main sources for local water supplies in a distributed manner. In this paper, a study on the technical principle of water treatment for some representative karst wells in the karst areas was conducted, based on the analysis of the well water pollution characteristics. The objective of this study is to provide treatment measures for preventing the water from pollutions by any means. In combination of the technical principle with a pilot test, this paper presents in de- tail the idea for the design and associated design parameters, the technics of water treatment and the matters need attentions during the construction of rapid infiltration tank. Moreover, results of the test showed that, after the treatment of the contaminated well water, its turbidity was less than 5 degrees; the removal rate of trace organic matters reached more than 35~~00 ; the ammonia, nitrite and nitrate levels were reduced by more than 600/00; and the maximum rate of bacteria removal reached 95 ~/00 as well. The rapid infiltration technology applied in the water treatment does not require additional chemical agent, thus avoiding any possible adverse effect and hygienic problem arose from the use of coagulant and sterilant. The water quality of the treated natural karstic wells was hence improved, which generally meets the requirements of the national drinking water standards.