中文摘要：

为了掌握聚能射流引爆车辆油料的物理过程及其火球特征参数,以获取影响爆炸后果的因素,最终实现抑制爆炸后果的目的,进行Φ40 mm聚能装药引爆柴油的试验。采用高速照相机、红外热成像仪分别记录引爆柴油过程和柴油火球的温度参数。试验结果表明：引爆柴油瞬间会使油箱内发生蒸气爆炸,若油箱内未形成空气对流,则燃烧火焰在20 ms内自动熄灭;若引爆过程中油箱发生破裂,油蒸气与液滴将喷射出来,与空气混合形成喷射火,并产生液雾燃烧,其火球表面最高温度超过1 000℃。在液相区引爆形成的火球的温度只有482.6℃,远低于在蒸气区引爆产生的火球的温度。对油箱进行加固防止产生除弹孔外的其他裂口,以及避免聚能射流引爆油料蒸气区,均能有效抑制爆炸后果。

英文摘要：

In order to master the physical process of vehicle fuel detonated by shaped charge jet and the fireball characteristic parameters, obtain factors affecting explosion consequences, and ultimately achieve the purpose of inhibiting explosion consequences, a series of experiments were conducted to detonate diesel by ~）40 mm shaped charge. The process of diesel detonated and temperature parameters of fireball were recorded separately by a high speed camera and an infrared thermal imager. The results show that vapor explosion occurs within a fuel tank at the moment when the diesel therein is detonated by shaped charge jet, that the flame is self-quenched within 20 ms if air convection not formed, that if the fuel tank is frac- tured, fuel vapor and droplets jetted out of tank getting mixed with air could lead to jet fire and burning of cloud droplet, of which the highest surface temperature of fireball exceeds 1 000℃, that fireball tempera- ture of diesel detonated in liquid is only 482.6℃, which is much lower than that in vapor, and that explosion consequences can effectively be inhibited by reinforcing fuel tank to prevent formation of other larger openings except the bullet holes and avoiding fuel vapor area detonated by shaped charge jet.