中文摘要：

通过离体组织加倍创造四倍体种质是一种快速产生多倍体的方法，为了确认获得的材料为四倍体变异，进行有效的倍性鉴定是不可缺少的。利用二倍体和四倍体西瓜的耐盐性差异，选取生长一致的二倍体和四倍体西瓜子叶再生的不定芽丛，接于含有0、8、10、12、14、16、18、20和22g／L NaCl的芽诱导培养基中，盐处理30d后，统计盐害情况和生长状况，并对四倍体西瓜子叶不定芽丛进行分离和筛选，筛选出西瓜离体组织培养过程中最适宜分离二倍体和四倍体西瓜不定芽的盐质量浓度。结果表明：当NaCl质量浓度在14-16g／L时，可以作为有效分离西瓜二倍体和四倍体，从而最终筛选出大量的能够正常生长发育的四倍体的最适盐质量浓度范围。该研究在西瓜离体组织加倍创造四倍体新种质的技术体系中，可以在早期简单有效地鉴定和筛选西瓜四倍体，加快多倍体西瓜的育种进程。

英文摘要：

Tetraploid watermelon created through in vitro tissue is a rapidly method. The effectively ploidy identification would be indispensable to confirm the tetraploid variation. Salt injury and growth condition of diploid and tetraploid watermelon cotyledon regeneration of adventitious bud plexus were measured when they were administered in shoot-inducing medium which contained 0, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 g/L NaCl after 30 days, then the optimal separation salt mass concentration of diploid and tetraploid watermelon adventitious buds was screened after the separation and screening of tetraploid watermelon cotyledon adventitious. The result showed that when the salt mass concentration range was at 14-16 g/L NaCl, the diploid and tetraploid watermelon would be separated and the tetriploid watermelon could be finally selected a large number of normal tetraploid adventitious buds. The tetraploid watermelon would be effective early identified and polyploid watermelon breeding process would be accelerated through in vitro tissue cultivation.