中文摘要：

骨骼肌能够根据环境刺激的变化改变其质量,可以通过细胞融合或提高蛋白质水平来增加它的大小。介绍了参与骨骼肌生长发育调控的两个关键性信号通路——胰岛素样生长因子1和肌肉生长抑制素信号通路中新的且重要的研究结果,这对于了解肌肉的发育和成年期肌肉稳态的维持,并寻找肌肉相关疾病潜在的治疗靶点非常有意义。

英文摘要：

Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue adaptive to environmental stimuli such as exercise,nutrients and starvation,and either increase or decrease its mass accordingly.Two key signalling pathways mediated by either Insulin Like Growth Factor 1（IGF-1） or myostatin were identified by controling these processes through either positive or negative mechanisms respectively.The important and novel research progress on the molecules and the signalling pathways was discussed.