中文摘要：

采用间苯二酚与甲醛为原料，通过反相悬浮聚合，经超临界干燥和炭化成功制备了炭气凝胶微球（CA spheres），并以炭气凝胶微球为超级电容器的电极，采用恒流充放电法、循环伏安法与交流阻抗法测定了电极的储电性能。结果表明，制得的炭气凝胶微球可以作为超级电容器的电极，表现出良好的循环伏安特性，适用于多次充放电和大电流充放电，比电容可高达215F／g。炭气凝胶微球的储电性能与合成条件、孔结构密切相关，最佳的制备反应条件为间苯二酚与催化剂摩尔比为200，间苯二酚-甲醛中间苯二酚的体积分数为50％及凝胶温度为85℃。

英文摘要：

Carbon aerogel （CA） spheres were prepared by an inverse phase suspension polymerization of resorcinol and formaldehyde （RF） monomers followed by supercritical drying and carbonization. The electrodes used for super-capacitors were made from the CA prepared spheres and their storage performances were investigated by cyclic vohammetric measurement, galvanostatic charge-discharge test and AC impedance measurement. The experimental results indicated that the resultant CA spheres exhibited good electrochemical behaviors. The electrodes of CA spheres are suitable for multi and larger current charge-discharge. The specific capacitance of the CA spheres prepared is as high as 215 F/g. Therefore, the resultant CA spheres is able to be used as the electrode materials of supercapacitors. The electrochemical performances of the CA spheres prepared are influenced by fabrication conditions and pore structure of the CA spheres. The optimum preparation conditions recommended are： rR/rC = 200, RF content =50% and gelation temperature = 85℃.