中文摘要：

【目的】在长期的进化过程中,蚂蚁和微生物之间建立了复杂的联系,尤其肠道微生物对蚂蚁的食性进化和物种分化产生了巨大的影响。弓背蚁属Camponotus蚂蚁消化道内普遍存在内共生菌Blochmannia及其他肠道细菌,这些细菌在寄主蚂蚁营养补充方面发挥了重要的作用,此外肠道微生物对食物类型的变化十分敏感,这些信息可能有助于调查寄主蚂蚁在不同季节的取食习性。本研究旨在揭示弓背蚁属蚂蚁肠道微生物是否存在季节特征。【方法】采用16S rRNA-RFLP方法分析比较了了2个日本弓背蚁蚁巢（巢1和2）的工蚁在4个月份时间点（2012年6月12日,8月15日和10月10日,2013年4月15日）的肠道菌群组成。【结果】在8个样品中共发现了17个属的细菌和1种未知细菌,弓背蚁属蚂蚁特有的内共生菌Blochmannia是优势细菌,出现在所有样品中,占67.1%~98.8%;假单胞菌属Pseudomonas和肠杆菌属Enterobacter在大多数的样本中都检测到,其他属的细菌则零星分布在个别样品中,只占较低的比例。两个蚁巢工蚁肠道菌群在4个月份没有呈现一致的变化趋势,都具有低的细菌多样性。在巢1中,4月和10月的肠道细菌多样性相对较高,在6月和8月较低;而在巢2中,8月的肠道细菌多样性明显高于4,6和10月。两个蚁巢6月和10月的肠道菌群组成相似,但是8月和4月差异较大。【结论】日本弓背蚁两个蚁巢的工蚁肠道菌群组成和多样性都随季节产生变化,但是没有呈现一致的变化趋势,没有表现出明显的季节特征。

英文摘要：

[ Aim] Ants have evolved a complicated association with microbes and, in particular, gut bacteria may have a strong impact on dietary evolution and species diversification of ants. Ants of the genus Camponotus are well known for harboring the endosymbiont Blochmannia and some other bacteria, which play an important role in the supplement of host nutrition. However, gut bacterial communities are sensitive to change of the food type, and such information might be useful to investigate the feeding activity of host ants in different seasons. In this study we aim to reveal whether the gut bacterial communities present seasonal characteristics in Camponotus ants. [ Methods ] The gut bacterial communities of foraging workers of C. japonicus collected from two colonies （colony 1 and 2） on four sampling dates （June 12, August 15, and October l0 in 2012, April 15 in 2013） were investigated using the 16S rRNA polymerase chain restriction fragment-length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） method. [ Results ] Seventeen bacterial genera and one unknown bacterium were found, dominated by Blochmannia in all the eight samples （67. 1% -98.8% ）. Bacteria of Pseudomonas and Enterobacter were present in most samples, but other bacteria were distributed only sporadically in one to three samples with very low clone numbers. The gut bacterial communities in the two colonies did not show consistent change trend in the four months, and that they all harbored a low bacterial diversity. In colony 1, the bacterial diversity was relatively higher in April and October, but much lower in June and August, while in colony 2, the bacterial diversity was much higher in August than in April, June and October. The two colonies had similar bacterial communities in June and October, but were distinctly different in August and April. [ Conclusion ] The gut bacterial composition and diversity in two colonies of C. japonicus can shift with seasons, but such changes have no consistent trend and no obviously season-specific characteristics have been ac