中文摘要：

芳香环或杂环通过N=N双键连接形成的化合物如偶氮苯、偶氮吡咯等具有“共轭结构，此类分子有顺反两种构型，他们可以在光照条件下相互转换。分子构型转变会影响电子的共轭程度及其离域特性，因此含环结构的偶氮共轭分子具有光调制特性。反式偶氮苯分子为平面结构，顺式构型分子两个苯环有一定角度的扭转分子不在同一平面，实验和理论计算结果表明偶氮苯分子的键长、键角等受溶剂和取代基影响；光照可以实现偶氮苯分子的导电性改变，目前认为其导电性改变的原因主要是光致顺反异构而改变分子尺寸而引起。通过氮氮双键连接的杂环共轭分子能显著地降低分子的能隙，并使共轭化合物在更宽的波长范围内有强吸收，能提高太阳能光伏电池的转换效率，是理想的有机光伏材料。文章还对偶氮共轭聚合物的合成方法做了介绍，分析了含偶氮结构的共轭聚合物的光相应研究现状及其未来发展趋势。

英文摘要：

This paper reviews the research progress of conjugated polymers containing nitrogen- nitrogen double-bond bridges, for example, azobenzene and azopyrrole compounds and their derivatives. The trans form of the azobenzene molecule has a planar structure, whereas in the cis form of azobenzene, phenyl rings are twisted around the C--N bonds. The n-conjugated structure of the azobenzene is affected by the substitution of the phenyl ring, which gives rise to the variation of the bond lengths and bond angles. The measured conductivity showed a distinct difference in the trans form and the cis forms of azobenzene. These apparent changes in conductivity were attributed to the switching of height of the molecules rather than to an internal structural modification leading to a modification of resistance. The insertion of an azo group between heterocyclic rings pronounces the complex exhibiting a broader absorption band and a lower optical band gap compared to azobenzene. Consequently, the heterocyclic azo conjugated dye is an excellent candidate to be used as the photoactive material for the bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices. The conductivity and synthetic methods of conjugated azo polymers are described. The present research situation of electrical and photonic conductivity of azobenzene and our perspectives of the future development of conjugated azo containing polymer are also presented.