中文摘要：

石墨烯及其改性材料具有比表面积大、吸附能力强、抗辐射性能好、耐高温、耐酸碱等优点,近年来在去除重金属和放射性核素领域得到了广泛关注.本文简要介绍了石墨烯的合成及改性方法,综述了石墨烯材料去除水中重金属离子和放射性核素的研究进展,包括吸附容量、影响因素、吸附动力学、吸附热力学模型和吸附机理,分析了该研究领域目前存在的问题,探讨了今后的研究方向.

英文摘要：

The application of graphene and its modified materials to remove heavy metals and radionuclides has received considerable attention in recent years,due to their large surface area,high adsorption capacity,and great radiation,thermal,acid and alkali resistance. In this paper,the synthesis and modification of graphene are introduced,and adsorption capacity,influencing factors,adsorption kinetics / thermodynamics and reaction mechanism for the removal of heavy metals and radioactive nuclides from aqueous solution by graphene and its modified materials are reviewed. Furthermore,the main problems and the future developing perspectives are presented.