中文摘要：

目的 调查肾移植受者骨密度异常情况,分析肾移植术后骨密度异常相关因素,为进一步防治移植术后骨质疏松提供方向.方法 应用随机数字表选取首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院2014年2至5月于肾移植门诊随访的移植肾功能正常患者263例,应用超声骨密度仪测定跟骨密度.同时收集患者人口学信息及临床资料.依照WHO骨质疏松的判断标准,肾移植受者中骨质疏松62例、骨密度正常63例.对可能影响骨质疏松发生的因素进行单因素分析,再利用Logistic回归分析模型进行相关因素分析.对比服用骨化三醇患者与未服用患者骨密度异常的发生情况.结果 肾移植术后骨密度异常发生率为76.05％（200/263）,Logistic回归分析得到肾移植受者骨质疏松的危险因素为年龄＞50岁（P=0.01）、父母有髋骨骨折史（P=0.00）、应用大剂量激素（P=0.02）.相比未服用骨化三醇患者,服用骨化三醇患者骨密度异常发生率下降8.80％.结论 骨密度异常为肾移植术后常见并发症,其发生与患者年龄、父母髋骨骨折史、激素剂量相关.骨化三醇补充对肾移植受者骨密度异常防治有益处.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the incidence and analyze the factors related to bone loss after renal transplantation,in order to guide the intervention of it.Methods We picked up 263 cases of renal transplantation outpatients with well graft function from February to May 2014 according to random number table.Bone mineral density （BMD）were examined by quantitative ultrasound and other demographic information and clinical data were collected.According to the diagnostic criteria of the osteoporosis established by WHO,the selected patients were divided into osteoporosis group （n =62） and normal group （n =63）,univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to determine related factors responsible for bone loss after renal transplantation.Results The percentage of bone loss in renal transplant recipients was 76.05% （200/263）.Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors of osteoporosis in renal transplant recipients were age older than 50 years old（P =0.01）,parent fractured hip history（P =0.00）,high dose of corticosteroid （P =0.02）.Compared with those not being treated with calcitriol,patients intake calcitriol see 8.80% decreased incidence of bone loss.Conclusions A high incidence of bone loss is found in renal transplant recipients.Age,parent fractured hip history,corticosteroid dose are related factors of osteoporosis in renal transplant recipients.Calcitriol is effective in preventing and treating bone loss in renal transplant recipients.