利率环境的市场化是企业债券品种设计创新的重要基础条件之一。本文的实证分析表明,我国企业债券利率环境市场化程度正日益加深,企业债券市场利率的变动开始更大程度地受到国债市场利率变动的引导。但是,一方面由于国债市场流动性缺陷及期限结构不完整,影响了统一、准确的债券收益率曲线的形成,造成有效基准利率的缺失;另一方面由于制度性缺陷导致我国企业债券收益率不能反映市场资金供求的真实变动关系和不同企业的风险差异,也难与国债利率形成稳定的基准依据关系,导致目前企业债券定价机制的较为僵化,甚至出现利差“倒挂”现象。因此,坚定地推进利率市场化、建立市场化的定价机制将是优化企业债券利率环境,促进企业债券市场发展、品种创新最直接和有效的途径。
Liberalization of interest rate is playing a significant role in designing corporate bonds innovation. Based on the empirical analysis, the paper points out that there currently are some faultiness in terms of the liquidity and institutional defect in corporate bonds market in China. Therefore, the author suggests that interest rate liberalization and market-based pricing mechanism are the most effective and direct way to further develop the corporate bond market in China.