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中文摘要：
水稻苗期寒害是引起水稻产量下降的主要因素之一。高州普通野生稻具有丰富的遗传多样性,可能蕴含苗期强耐寒基因。本研究通过苗期耐寒性鉴定,初步鉴定出2个编号（GZW5、GZW18）的高州普通野生稻具有苗期强耐寒性。利用平均分布于水稻12条染色体的225对SSR标记,对耐寒的高州普通野生稻与对照水稻不耐寒品种三百粒之间进行多态性筛选,共筛出83对引物具有SSR标记的多态性,多态率为36.9%。这些多态标记在第5,10,12号染色体上的标记数较少,分别只有4,3,4对,其他染色体的标记数较多且分布均匀。进一步通过构建高州普通野生稻与水稻品种三百粒杂交的分离群体,并通过具有多态的SSR标记检测F2分离群体,发现分子标记在F2中出现明显的分离,判断这些标记可能与耐寒基因连锁。研究结果为高州普通野生稻苗期耐寒基因的定位及其耐寒分子机制的研究提供基础。
英文摘要：
Cold damage at seedling stage is one of the major factors for reducing the rice products.Gaozhou wild rice（Oryza rufipogon Griff）possesses abundant genetic diversity,and perhaps which carries some strong cold-tolerant genes.In this study,cold-tolerant ability was detected at seedling stage in Gaozhou wild rice,and of which two numbers（GZW5 and GZW18）was identified to have strong cold-tolerant ability.Then the polymorphism markers were screened between Gaozhou wild rice with strong cold resistance and its control Sanbaili with cold sensitive by using 225 simple sequence repeat（SSR）markers even distributing on 12 pairs of chromosomes in rice.A total of 83 pairs of SSR markers were identified to have polymorphism,and the polymorphic ratio was 36.9 percent.These polymorphic markers distributed equally on the chromosomes in rice except the chromosome 5,10 and 12,which only of 4,3 and 4 polymorphic markers,respectively.The hybrid F1 was constructed between Gaozhou wild rice and Sanbaili,and the genotype of its F2 individuals was investigated using some of the polymorphism markers,and in F2 groups these markers generated obviously separation,so we predicted these markers may be linkage with some cold tolerant genes.Our results will provide a basis for mapping the cold-tolerant genes at seedling stage in Gaozhou wild rice and researching further the molecular mechanism of their actions.
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