中文摘要：

【目的】对氧化石墨烯的水热还原过程进行系统研究。【方法】采用改进的水热装置，以乙醇为还原剂，通过固/气反应成功实现了水热条件下氧化石墨烯的还原，制备得到石墨烯。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线近边吸收谱（XANES ）和热重分析（TGA）对石墨烯材料的结构和性质进行了测试，探讨水热条件下乙醇蒸汽对氧化石墨烯的还原效果。【结果】研究结果表明，水热环境下的固/气反应还原能够有效地去除氧化石墨烯上的含氧基团，石墨烯的π网格结构得到很好的恢复。还原后的石墨烯材料比氧化石墨烯具有更为优异的热稳定性。【结论】该方法低成本、高效、环保，可用于石墨烯的大规模制备。

英文摘要：

[Objective]A systemic investigation was performed to study the reduction process of graphene oxide by hydrothermal method.[Methods]The reduced graphene oxide （RGO）was facilely prepared via a solid/gas reaction of graphene oxide （GO）and ethanol vapor in a self-de-signed hydrothermal system.Ethanol was introduced into the hydrothermal system to improve the reduction.The structure and property of graphene materials were characterized by trans-mission electron microscope （TEM）,X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）,X-ray absorption near edge structure （XANES）spectroscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis （TGA）.[Results]The oxygen functional groups were effectively removed by the solid/gas interfacial reduction in a hydrothermal process,and theπ-conj ugated frame-work of graphene was effectively recovered.The TGA results show that the thermal stability of RGO is much better than that of GO.[Conclusion]This method offers a low-cost,effective and eco-friendly route for large-scale production of grapheme.