中文摘要：

以研制的轴孔内径自动测量系统为实验对象，为了实现测量结果的量值溯源，分析了系统结构，从而得到系统存在的主要系统误差源和随机误差源，包括定位误差、测量误差、安装误差、轴向跳动和径向跳动误差。建立了系统的误差理论模型，并设计校正方案，以环规和三坐标测量机等仪器为标准，得到这些误差值，从而对测量结果进行校正。测量584mm环规的实验表明，研制系统与激光跟踪仪测量结果一致，内径差值在10μm以内，验证了对各项误差源溯源方法的有效性。

英文摘要：

The research object is an automatic measurement system that is made for inner diameter measurement of ax- le holes. In order to achieve tracing of measurement value of inner diameter, the structure of the system is analyzed to get main error sources, including systematic error and random error, such as positioning error, installation error, measuring error, radial run out error and axis run out error. The theoretical error model is built, and calibration scheme have been designed with standard provided by ring gauge and CMM （Coordinate Measuring Machine） , to ac- quire the main errors value, which could correct measuring results. The experiments of measuring 584 mm gauge indi- cate that the results of this system and laser tracker are accordant, with difference of inner diameter less than 10 μm. The result demonstrates the effectiveness of this tracing method proposed in this paper.