中文摘要：

生物膜中活性微生物对水环境中污染物质的迁移转化过程起着决定性作用。采用环境生物学中ATP生物发光检测法,研究生物膜上活性微生物量对吸附水中营养盐磷动力学过程的影响,探究微生物作用于吸附过程的机制。结果表明,自然水体培养的生物膜中活性微生物量随着培育时间的增长而增加,3天后基本保持稳定;不同生长时期的生物膜对磷的吸附能力不同,培养7天的生物膜的吸附能力最强;生物膜对磷的吸附与微生物量的变化存在明显相关关系,其吸附过程呈现四种典型阶段;高流速条件下形成较为密实的生物膜,微生物对吸附过程影响更为显著;此外,活性微生物对吸附动力学的影响还与培养水体的光照、营养状况及p H有关,碱性环境更有利于生物膜对磷的吸附。

英文摘要：

Active microorganisms on biofilms play a decisive role in the transformation-transportation process of pollutants in aquatic environment. An ATP bioluminescence method of environmental biology was used in this study to investigate the influence of active microbial biomass on the kinetics of phosphorus adsorption onto biofilms and explore the mechanism of how these microorganisms are acting in the adsorption. The results show that for the biofilms cultured in natural water, their active microbial biomass increases with culture time and reaches a stable stage after three days of culturing while their phosphorus adsorption capacity varies considerably across different growing stages and reaches the maximum at the seventh day. Obvious correlation has been found between phosphorus adsorption and microbial biomass, and the adsorption process can be divided into four typical stages. In addition, flow velocity, light, nutritional status, and p H are also major factors that affect the kinetics of phosphorus adsorption by microorganisms on biofilms. The quantity of active microbial shows high stability in solutions of high p H level, and an alkaline environment promotes the phosphorus adsorption.