中文摘要：

目的：对不同产地麻黄质量进行评价。方法：建立大鼠发汗药理模型,以大鼠发汗量为检测指标,对26个不同产地麻黄的质量进行评价。每个产地麻黄样品取12只大鼠随机分为高、低剂量组（11.25、9 g/kg,剂距为1∶0.8）,ig给药,以对照药材（草麻黄）的发汗生物效价为10 U/g计,按照《中国药典》生物检定统计法计算不同产地麻黄的发汗生物效价;采用高效液相色谱法测定麻黄药材中麻黄碱与伪麻黄碱含量;对26个不同产地麻黄的发汗生物效价进行聚类分析。结果：26个不同产地麻黄的发汗生物效价介于7.08-22.09 U/g,以甘肃古浪草麻黄发汗生物效价最高、甘肃武山中麻黄最低,草麻黄平均效价高于中麻黄;麻黄发汗生物效价的变化趋势与麻黄碱及伪麻黄碱总含量变化趋势基本一致,但相关性不显著;聚类分析结果显示,26份麻黄中有17份（65.38%）发汗生物效价高于对照药材,4份（15.38%）高于9.55 U/g并与对照药材的生物效价相近。结论：所考察的26个不同产地麻黄中80%以上质量合格。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the quality of Ephedrae herba from different production areas. METHODS：The sweating pharmacological model of rat was set up;using sweating volume as index,the quality of 26 E. herba from different production areas were evaluated. 12 rats were randomly divided into high-dose and low-dose groups（11.25,9 g/kg,dose spacing was 1 ∶ 0.8）,and they were given relevant medicine intragastrically. The sweating biological potency of reference medicinal material（Ephedra sinica） was 10 U/g,and that of E. herba from different production areas were calculated according to biometric statistical method stated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia;the contents of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in E. herba were determined by HPLC;cluster analysis was conducted for the biological potency value of 26 samples from different production areas. RESULTS：The biological potency values of 26 samples from different production areas were 7.08-22.09 U/g;the sweating biological potency value of E. sinica from Gansu Gulang was the highest,and that of Ephedra intermedia from Gansu Wushan was the lowest;the average potency value from E. sinica was higher than that from E. intermedia,and the change trend of biological potency value was basically same as that of total content of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine,but both were significantly uncorrelated. Results of cluster analysis showed that biological potency values of 17 in 26 samples（65.38%）were higher than that of reference medicinal materials;those of 4（15.38%）were higher than 9.55 U/g,close to that of reference medicinal material. CONCLUSIONS：More than 80% of E.herba from different production areas are qualified.