中文摘要：

利用实心的二氧化硅纳米微球为原材料，通过用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮进行表面保护，用氢氧化钠对硅球进行溶蚀，制备多孔纳米二氧化硅微球。通过热重分析、扫描电镜及透射电镜对溶蚀的硅球进行表征。结果表明：溶蚀前后，二氧化硅球的外形没有发生实质的变化，但在内部形成了多孔通道。用这种多孔状的纳米硅球对胰岛素进行担载和释放试验发现，经过多孔化处理后，硅球对胰岛素的担载能力增强，释放速率降低，说明经过溶蚀获得的纳米二氧化硅可以作为一种药物的微胶囊载体，在药物控制释放领域有一定的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Porous silica spheres were prepared with solid nanosilica microspheres as raw materials. In the preparation, poly（vinyl pyrrolidone） was used to protect the near surface layer, and NaOH was used to selectively etch the interior of the silica spheres. The porous silica spheres were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results indicate that before and after NaOH etching, there exists porous micro-channel in silica sphere, and the morphology of silica sphere does not change. The results also show that after NaOH etching, the capacity of insulin in silica spheres increases and the rate of insulin release decreases. As a result, the porous silica spheres prepared could be used as a promising drug delivery nano-capsule in the field of drug control and release.