中文摘要：

高原地区居民的体成分与形态学有什么变化及其原因如何，这是一个崭新的命题。本文介绍了体成分的概念，对高原环境中血红蛋白和红细胞压积，脂类，激素，酶，肌及水的变化做了概括．总结了人的生长发育，身高，体重，胸径，围度，皮褶厚度等体质变化，分析了高原缺氧，遗传以及社会经济文化，民族，年龄，健康等对高原居民的体成分和形态学变化的影响，提出今后对高原缺氧状态下体成分和形态学变化及其原因应进一步探讨。

英文摘要：

How changes of body composition and morphology of high altitude residents is a new proposition. The paper briefly introduced the concept of body composition, summarized changes of Hb, HCT, lipids, hormones, enzymes, muscles and water under the hypoxia environment, reported the changes of growth and development, height, weight, thoracic diameter, circumferences, skinfold thickness ect., analysed effects of some factors such as environment, heredity and social economy, culture, ethnic, age, health on body composition and morphology of high altitude residents. We still need further study on changes of body composition and morphology of high altitude residents and the reason under altitude hypoxia environment.