中文摘要：

任何量子存储和信息处理器时时刻刻都受困于外界环境的干扰或因为其他系统关联而引起的量子态外泄．为了应对这些问题，人们提出了多种量子调控方案．这其中一大类方案由快信号调制或者基于激光脉冲序列的动力学解耦构成，旨在压制量子存储器件的退相干,并且阻止系统状态的外泄或扩散．本文回顾了一些应用此类量子调控方案的工作．人们可以保护处于非马尔可夫耗散噪声中的量子存储器件；或者在免于外泄的前提下，控制系统以进行绝热演化．通过分析各类动力学方程，包括二阶徽扰主方程、基于非微扰论的量子态扩散方程、以及由PQ分解得到的单变量主方程，发现快速信号调制的效果与所施加脉冲序列的形态关系微弱．脉冲序列只需能够有效地将系统本征频率调至高于环境截断频率，系统量子态退相干就可以再被压制住．量子调控的效果其实与调控脉冲序列的具体细节无关．人们可以使用任何形态的激光，包括理想脉冲、矩形波脉冲、随机脉冲，甚至噪声型脉冲．

英文摘要：

A quantum memory or information processing device is subject to the disturbance from its surrounding environment or the inevitable leakage due to its contact with other systems. To tackle these problems, several control protocols have been proposed for quantum memory or storage. Among them, the fast signal control or dynamical decoupling based on external pulse sequences provides a prevailing strategy aimed at suppressing decoherence and preventing the target systems from the leakage or diffusion process. In this paper, we review the applications of this protocol in protecting quantum memory under the non-Markovian dissipative noise and maintaining systems on finite speed adiabatic passages without leakage therefrom. We analyze perturbative and nonperturbative dynamical equations for leakage and control, including second-order master equation, quantum-state-diffusion equation, and one-component master equation derived from Feshbach PQ-partitioning technique. It turns out that the quality of fast-modulated signal control is insensitive to configurations of the applied pulse sequences. Specifically, decoherence and leakage will be greatly suppressed as long as the control sequence is able to effectively shift the system beyond the bath cutoff frequency, almost independent of the details of the control sequences that could be ideal pulses, regular rectangular pulses, random pulses and even noisy pulses.