中文摘要：

作为中—低纬地区地球气候系统的重要组成部分,季风的形成演化和未来变化趋势一直是古气候和现代气候研究的重要内容。第四届地球系统科学大会第四专题＂多尺度季风＂从不同时间和空间尺度,对全球季风系统演化的规律和机理以及季风系统在地球系统演化中的作用进行了探讨,在季风变化的现代观测与地质重建、过去与现代季风的数值模拟、过去与现代季风对气候变暖的响应等方面开展了交流,并对未来的研究进行展望。

英文摘要：

The evolution and future projection of the regional and global monsoons, one of the major compo- nents of Earth climate system in the low-latitudes and middle-latitudes, has long been the research focus in the pa- leoelimate and modern climate communities. Session 4 of the 4th Conference on Earth System Sciences （CESS） in Shanghai focused on the evolution, variability, and driving mechanism of regional and global monsoon system across multiple timescale, and the role of the monsoon system in changes in the Earth system. During the session, the is- sues of features of past and contemporary monsoons based on observation data and geological reconstruction, model simulation of past and contemporary monsoons, and response of monsoon climate to the past and present global war- ming were intensively discussed. The future research directions were also addressed.